Cover Image

Conservation science Heritage materials /

Other Authors: Inkpen, Rob.
Format: Book
Language:English
Published: Cambridge, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2006.
Edition:2nd rev. ed.
Subjects:
Museum conservation methods.
Art objects > Conservation and restoration.
Antiques > Conservation and restoration.
Historic preservation.
Chemistry.
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847557629
Table of Contents:
  • PREFACE
  • CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
  • Cultural Heritage: The Archaeologist, The Conservator And The Public - An Essential Coalition
  • The Archaeologist
  • The Conservador
  • From Discovery to Display
  • Special problems of underwater recovery
  • The raising of the Mary Rose - a case study
  • Preservation of the evidence - a multi-discipline task
  • Conservation with a purpose
  • Museums - the past into the future
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
  • CHAPTER TWO: METHODS IN CONSERVATION
  • INTRODUCTION
  • PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
  • ANALYTICAL METHODS
  • Interaction of radiation with matter
  • Interaction of elemental particles with matter
  • Dating Methods
  • DIAGNOSIS OF DETERIORATION PROCESSES
  • CONSERVATION TREATMENTS
  • PREVENTIVE CONSERVATION
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
  • CHAPTER THREE: PAPER
  • THE CONSTITUENTS OF PAPER
  • Fibres
  • Paper size
  • THE DIRECTIONAL PROPERTIES OF PAPER
  • HOW PAPER INTERACTS WITH WATER
  • DETERIORATION OF PAPER
  • Acid-catalysed hydrolysis of cellulose
  • Oxidation of cellulose
  • DEACIDIFICATION
  • BLEACHING AND WASHING OF PAPER TO REMOVE
  • DISCOLOURATION
  • ACCELERATED AGEING TESTS
  • SAFE ENVIRONMENTS FOR PAPER
  • METHODS FOR MONITORING THE DETERIORATION OF PAPER
  • Physical measurements
  • Chemical methods
  • CHARACTERISATION OF PAPER
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
  • CHAPTER FOUR: TEXTILES
  • THE VARIETY OF TEXTILES
  • TEXTILE MATERIALS
  • CASE STUDY I: LINEN FIBRES AND THE VICTORY SAIL
  • The chemical composition and microstructure of linen
  • The mechanical performance of the Victory sail
  • Degradation of cellulosic fibres
  • Humidity and heat
  • Acid and alkaline hydrolysis
  • Photolytic damage
  • Biological degradation
  • Acidity measurements on the Victory sail
  • Conservation and display of the Victory fore topsail
  • CASE STUDY II: SILK FIBRES AND THE SHACKLETON ENSIGN
  • The chemical composition and microstructure of silk
  • Silk processing for use as a textile fibre
  • The condition of the Shackleton ensign
  • Assessing the condition of silk by microanalytical techniques
  • Degradation of silk fibres
  • CASE STUDY III: WOOL FIBRES AND THE TREE OF JESSE TAPESTRY
  • The Chemical Composition and Microstructure of Wool
  • Wool as a Textile Fibre
  • Degradation of Wool
  • Conservation and Treatment of the Tree of Jesse Tapestry
  • ENDNOTE
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
  • CHAPTER FIVE: LEATHER
  • THE NATURE AND PROPERTIES OF LEATHER
  • Introduction
  • Criteria which define tannage
  • Collagen
  • Tanning materials
  • Conclusion
  • THE MANUFACTURE OF LEATHER
  • Introduction
  • Vegetable tanning processes
  • Alum tawing
  • Oil tannage
  • Fur dressing
  • THE DETERIORATION OF LEATHER
  • Introduction
  • Physical deterioration
  • Biological deterioration
  • Chemical deterioration
  • CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES
  • Introduction
  • Biological deterioration
  • Chemical deterioration
  • Conclusions
  • REFERENCES
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
  • CHAPTER SIX: METALS
  • INTRODUCTION
  • Extraction
  • Metallurgy
  • CORROSION
  • FIELD TREATMENT AND TRANSPORTATION
  • CONSERVATION
  • Acid pickling
  • Aqueous washing
  • Electrolytic conservation
  • Hydrogen reduction
  • STABILISATION AND CONSOLIDATION
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
  • CHAPTER SEVEN: GLASS AND CERAMICS
  • INTRODUCTION
  • DETERIORATION AND CONSERVATION OF GLASS
  • HISTORY, STRUCTURE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • History of glass-making
  • Structure, technology and physical properties
  • DEGRADATION MECHANISMS AND PHENOMENA
  • Basic reactions in water
  • Degradation of objects indoors
  • Weathering of stained glass windows
  • Degradation of archaeological glasses
  • RESTORATION AND CONSERVATION
  • Cleaning methods
  • Coatings, consolidants, adhesives
  • Conditions for storage and display
  • DETERIORATION AND CONSERVATION OF CERAMICS
  • SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
  • CHAPTER EIGHT: CONSERVATION SCIENCE OF PLASTICS
  • PLASTICS IN HERITAGE COLLECTIONS
  • THE CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF PLASTICS
  • Preparation of polymers
  • Additives
  • Shaping plastics
  • IDENTIFICATION OF PLASTICS
  • Simple tests
  • Instrumental analytical techniques
  • DEGRADATION OF PLASTICS
  • Degradation of cellulose nitrate
  • Degradation of cellulose acetate
  • Degradation of plasticized PVC
  • Degradation of polyurethane foam
  • CONSERVATION OF PLASTICS
  • Conservation of cellulose nitrate
  • Conservation of cellulose acetate
  • Conservation of polyurethane foam
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
  • CHAPTER NINE: STONE
  • INTRODUCTION
  • THE DEGRADATION 'EQUATION'
  • Material
  • Process
  • Environment
  • Limestone Weathering in an Urban Environment: Illustration of the Interaction of the Three Factors
  • CONSERVATION PRACTICES
  • Identification
  • Prevention
  • Barriers to Agents of Degradation
  • Removal of Degradation
  • Consolidation
  • REPLACEMENT
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
  • CHAPTER TEN: WALL PAINTINGS - ASPECTS OF DETERIORATION AND RESTORATION
  • INTRODUCTION
  • WALL PAINTINGS AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF BUILDINGS
  • DAMAGING PROCESSES
  • Deterioration by soluble salts
  • Deterioration by microorganisms
  • Parameters enhancing microbial colonization
  • Biodeterioration
  • CLEANING AND CONSOLIDATION
  • Consolidation
  • Cleaning methodologies
  • SUMMARY
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
  • CHAPTER ELEVEN: BIODETERIORATION OF ANCIENT TIMBERS
  • THE BIODETERIOGENS
  • Marine wood-boring animals
  • Teredinids
  • Erosion bacteria
  • Tunnelling bacteria
  • Cavitation bacteria
  • Bacterial symbionts of shipworm
  • Soft rot fungi
  • Basidiomycete fungi
  • Insect borers
  • WOOD STRUCTURE
  • Archaeological wood recovered from the marine environment
  • Properties and condition of waterlogged archaeological wood
  • STORAGE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL WOOD
  • Wrapping in polyethylene bags or sheeting
  • Advice to conservators
  • Storage of large wooden artefacts
  • The storage of large wooden structures (Mary Rose Hull)
  • Reburial
  • CONSERVATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL WOOD
  • Definition and aims
  • Lumen filling treatments
  • Bulking treatments
  • Surface coatings
  • CONSERVATION METHODS
  • Removal of mineral inclusions
  • Microbial activity
  • Polyethylene glycol method
  • In situ polymerisation with radiation curing monomers and resins
  • Drying following conservation treatment
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
  • CHAPTER TWELVE: IN-SITU PRESERVATION OF WATERLOGGED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES
  • IN SITU PRESERVATION
  • ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
  • Level
  • Pore water composition
  • Redox potential
  • pH
  • DETERIORATION OF MODERN MATERIALS ANALOGOUS TO ARTEFACTS
  • WHAT DOES ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING TELL US IN ITSELF?
  • Case Study: In situ preservation of the site of Nydam
  • Deterioration and protection of wooden Artefacts
  • Deterioration of iron artefacts
  • SUMMARY
  • REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING.

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