Renewable energy system design /
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
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Waltham, Massachusetts :
Academic Press,
2014
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Table of Contents:
- Front Cover; Renewable Energy System Design; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Chapter 1: Factors Promoting Renewable Energy Applications; 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. US and world energy usage for electricity generation; 1.3. Factors affecting the application and use of alternative energy sources; 1.3.1. The impact of high oil prices; Oil production; Oil consumption; The cost of oil; 1.3.2. Impact of fossil fuel on renewable energy use; Environmental pollution caused by fossil fuel procurement; Damage due to petroleum procurement; Damage due to natural gas procurement; Damage due to coal procurement. Environmental pollution caused by fossil fuel combustionConventional energy sources cause pollution; Effects of pollution; Health effects; The impact of desposition; 1.4. Global warming and renewable energy use; 1.4.1. Global warming in general; 1.4.2. Global warming and sea levels; 1.4.3. Other global warming concerns and directions; 1.4.4. What can be done to curb global warming?; Renewable energy; Reduce emissions by using alternative-power vehicles; 1.5. Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: Photovoltaic; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Solar radiation characteristics; 2.2.1. Solar constant. 2.2.2. Hourly and seasonal variations in solar radiance2.2.3. Direct and diffuse sunlight; 2.2.4. Air mass; Irradiance; Insolation; 2.2.5. Peak sun hours; The solar window; Atmospheric effects on solar energy reaching the earth; Distribution of energy in sunlight; 2.3. Photovoltaic conversion; 2.3.1. Atomic number; Silicon; Germanium; Doping; N-type dopants; P-type dopants; P-type silicon; Diffusion (of electrons and holes); P-N junction diode; 2.3.2. Properties and characterization of a photovoltaic: p-n junction; Solar cell conversion; Cell materials. Limitations on the efficiency of a solar cell2.4. Performance evaluation of PV cells, modules, panels, and arrays; 2.4.1. Current-voltage characteristics; 2.4.2. Power-voltage characteristics; 2.4.3. Maximum power point of a PV module; 2.4.4. Effect of resistive load on the operating point; Effect of irradiance on cell I-V characteristics; Effect of irradiance on a PV cell voltage and current; Effect of temperature on PV I-V characteristics; Effect of cell temperature on cell short-circuit current, open circuit voltage, and maximum power; Module peak rating conditions. Effect of cell temperature on solar cell efficiency2.4.5. Equivalent circuit of a solar cell; Ideal solar cell model; 2.4.6. Open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current; 2.4.7. Jet Propulsion Lab model; Calculation of Rs and Rsh; 2.5. Connections of photovoltaic devices; 2.5.1. Series connection of photovoltaic devices; Two similar photovoltaic devices connected in series; Two dissimilar PV devices 1and 2 connected in series; Any number of photovoltaic devices connected in series; 2.5.2. Parallel connection of photovoltaic devices; Two similar photovoltaic devices connected in parallel..